The origin of doctrinal disagreement in the Islamic nation and its causes

Abstract

The study investigates the origins of doctrinal disagreement within the Islamic community and its causes through a historical analytical approach that examines the factors that contributed to the formation and expansion of theological differences throughout the course of Islamic history. The study begins by examining Qur'anic and narrational texts, alongside historical evidence, to uncover the intellectual and doctrinal foundations influencing the phenomenon of division. It focuses on a number of causes, foremost among them the violation of certain Prophetic commands and directives concerning the unity of the community and its authority, the multiplicity of linguistic meanings and their impact on differences in understanding and interpretation, as well as political interventions and the exploitation of doctrinal disagreement, the spread of weak and fabricated hadiths, and the ignorance, fanaticism, love of prestige and leadership, and extremism associated with them.